Standard time (“winter time”) starts on the last Sunday in October. The clocks go back by one hour at 3am. That means that the hour from 2am to 3am happens twice, which is reflected in the SMARD time series.

All times on SMARD are given in the Central European Time applicable at that time (CET/CEST). When the clocks go back, the additional hour appears on SMARD twice.

The data collection is uninterrupted, so there are no “jumps” in the time series. However, the example from October 2024 shows that an hour from 2am to 2am appears on the day of the time change. This is the additional hour that occurs when the clocks go back. In the 15-minute resolution, the time change is shown with a 15-minute unit from 2.45am to 2.00am, after which the time series continues as normal.

When the data is downloaded, the hour from 2am to 3am appears twice. This may be confusing if, for example, data is to be compared over a longer period. When looking at days, it may also happen that the consumption and generation on the day of the time change are higher than on other Sundays because of the extra hour.

The clocks go forward again on the last Sunday in March, leading to a missing hour from 2am to 3am on SMARD. The changes from winter to summer time and back again cancel each other out in the year as a whole.
Am letzten Sonntag im März werden die Uhren dann wieder um eine Stunde vorgestellt. Dadurch fehlt eine Stunde von 2.00 bis 3.00 Uhr auf SMARD. Auf das Jahr gesehen gleichen sich die Umstellungen von Winter- auf Sommerzeit und von Sommer- auf Winterzeit gegenseitig aus.